An examination of nurses’ adherence to infection prevention protocols in cardiac catheterization labs in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare settings is crucial to ensuring patient safety, particularly in specialized environments such as cardiac catheterization labs. These labs are critical for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases through invasive procedures such as angioplasty and stent placement. However, these procedures come with a heightened risk of infection due to the use of invasive devices and the sterile field required during catheterization (Johnson et al., 2023). Adherence to strict infection prevention protocols is essential to reduce the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in such environments (Adeleke et al., 2023).
Nurses working in cardiac catheterization labs play an integral role in infection control by adhering to aseptic techniques, ensuring proper sterilization of equipment, managing sterile fields, and monitoring for signs of infection in patients post-procedure (Olumide et al., 2024). However, non-adherence to infection prevention protocols is a known problem in many healthcare settings and may be exacerbated by factors such as workload, training gaps, and the availability of resources (Eze et al., 2023). In the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), a leading institution in Nigeria, ensuring consistent adherence to infection control practices in the catheterization lab is paramount to preventing complications in patients undergoing invasive cardiovascular procedures. This study aims to assess nurses’ adherence to infection prevention protocols in the cardiac catheterization labs at UPTH and identify the factors influencing their compliance.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the critical role of nurses in maintaining infection prevention protocols in cardiac catheterization labs, adherence rates to these protocols may not always be consistent, leading to increased risks of infection and complications in patients. At UPTH, where a high volume of cardiac procedures is conducted, there is limited research into the specific adherence patterns of nurses to infection prevention protocols in the catheterization lab. This study seeks to assess the level of adherence to infection control measures and the factors affecting compliance among nurses in the cardiac catheterization labs at UPTH.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the level of nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in the cardiac catheterization labs at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
2. To identify the factors influencing nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in the catheterization lab.
3. To assess the impact of adherence to infection prevention protocols on patient outcomes in the catheterization lab.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of adherence to infection prevention protocols among nurses in the cardiac catheterization lab at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital?
2. What factors influence nurses' adherence to infection prevention protocols in the catheterization lab at UPTH?
3. How does adherence to infection prevention protocols impact patient outcomes in the catheterization lab?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital exhibit a high level of adherence to infection prevention protocols in the cardiac catheterization lab.
2. Factors such as workload, training, and available resources significantly influence nurses’ adherence to infection prevention protocols in the catheterization lab.
3. Adherence to infection prevention protocols in the catheterization lab reduces the incidence of healthcare-associated infections in patients.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in the cardiac catheterization labs at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. The scope will include assessing adherence to infection prevention protocols and identifying factors influencing compliance. The study may be limited by the self-reported nature of some data and the cross-sectional design, which may not capture long-term adherence trends.
Definitions of Terms
1. Infection Prevention Protocols: A set of guidelines and procedures designed to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings, particularly during invasive procedures.
2. Cardiac Catheterization Lab: A specialized area in hospitals where invasive cardiovascular procedures, such as angiography and angioplasty, are performed.
3. Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs): Infections acquired by patients during the course of receiving medical treatment for other conditions, often resulting from breaches in infection control protocols.
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